Reduced visual acuity experienced while wearing corrective contact lenses is a common complaint. This symptom manifests as a perceived lack of sharpness and clarity, hindering the user’s ability to discern details at various distances. The issue often prompts individuals to seek methods for restoring optimal vision correction while continuing to utilize their lenses.
Addressing impaired clarity with contact lenses is crucial for maintaining visual comfort, safety, and overall quality of life. Clear vision is paramount for performing daily tasks, operating vehicles, and engaging in recreational activities. Historically, blurry vision with contacts has been addressed through lens replacement, altered prescriptions, or discontinuation of contact lens wear. However, understanding the underlying causes allows for more targeted and effective solutions.
The subsequent sections will explore various factors contributing to diminished visual clarity while wearing contact lenses. These factors encompass issues related to lens fit, lens cleanliness, eye health, environmental conditions, and the natural aging process. A comprehensive understanding of these elements is essential for troubleshooting and resolving blurred vision problems associated with contact lens use.
1. Debris Accumulation
Debris accumulation on contact lenses is a significant contributor to reduced visual clarity. This build-up interferes with the lens’s ability to properly focus light, leading to blurred vision and discomfort. The nature and source of these deposits are varied, influencing the severity and characteristics of the visual impairment.
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Environmental Particles
Airborne pollutants, such as dust, pollen, and smoke, readily adhere to the surface of contact lenses. These particles create a physical barrier that scatters light, degrading image quality and leading to visual blur. Individuals living in urban environments or those exposed to high levels of allergens are particularly susceptible to this issue. Regular cleaning and appropriate lens care practices are essential to mitigate the impact of environmental contaminants.
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Tear Film Components
The natural tear film contains proteins, lipids, and mucin, all of which can deposit on the lens surface. Protein deposits, in particular, tend to denature over time, forming a stubborn film that is difficult to remove with standard cleaning solutions. Lipid deposits can create a greasy coating, further reducing lens wettability and visual clarity. Incomplete removal of these tear film components contributes to persistent blurring and necessitates specialized cleaning regimens.
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Cosmetic and Personal Care Products
Residue from cosmetics, lotions, and soaps can transfer to contact lenses during application or throughout the day. These substances often contain oils, waxes, and particulate matter that compromise lens clarity and comfort. Improper hand hygiene before handling contact lenses significantly increases the risk of contamination. Avoiding the use of oil-based products around the eyes and ensuring thorough hand washing practices are crucial preventative measures.
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Microbial Contamination
Microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses, can colonize contact lenses, forming biofilms that impede visual clarity and increase the risk of infection. Improper lens storage and handling practices contribute to microbial growth. Furthermore, compromised lens integrity, such as scratches or tears, provides a haven for microorganisms. Strict adherence to recommended cleaning and disinfection protocols is vital for minimizing the risk of microbial contamination and maintaining clear vision.
In conclusion, the build-up of debris, encompassing environmental pollutants, tear film components, cosmetic residues, and microbial contaminants, directly correlates with diminished visual acuity during contact lens wear. Addressing these varied sources of debris through meticulous lens care, environmental awareness, and stringent hygiene practices is paramount for preventing and mitigating blurry vision associated with contact lens use.
2. Lens dehydration
Lens dehydration represents a significant factor contributing to diminished visual clarity while wearing contact lenses. The proper hydration level of a contact lens is essential for maintaining its shape, flexibility, and oxygen permeability. When a lens loses moisture, its optical properties are altered, leading to visual distortion and, consequently, blurred vision. This phenomenon arises due to several factors, including environmental conditions, wearing time, and the inherent material properties of the lens itself. For example, individuals in arid climates or those working in air-conditioned environments experience accelerated lens dehydration due to increased evaporation. Similarly, extended wear beyond the manufacturer’s recommendation exacerbates moisture loss, further compromising visual acuity. The importance of lens hydration stems from its direct impact on refractive power and corneal health.
Furthermore, the type of lens material significantly influences its susceptibility to dehydration. Hydrogel lenses, while comfortable initially, tend to lose moisture more readily than silicone hydrogel lenses, especially in challenging environments. This difference is attributed to the higher water content in traditional hydrogel lenses, which facilitates faster evaporation. The impact of dehydration extends beyond mere visual blur. A dehydrated lens can become stiff and uncomfortable, potentially leading to corneal irritation, inflammation, and even increased risk of infection. The lens’s reduced oxygen permeability due to dehydration compromises corneal health, as the cornea relies on atmospheric oxygen transmitted through the lens. Therefore, maintaining adequate lens hydration is not merely a matter of visual clarity but also one of ocular health.
In summary, lens dehydration is a critical component of reduced visual clarity experienced by contact lens wearers. Factors such as environmental conditions, wearing time, and lens material all contribute to the degree of dehydration and its subsequent impact on vision. Addressing this issue necessitates a multifaceted approach, including selecting appropriate lens materials, adhering to recommended wearing schedules, employing rewetting drops, and managing environmental factors that promote moisture loss. Maintaining optimal lens hydration is paramount for achieving clear vision, ensuring comfort, and preserving long-term ocular health.
3. Incorrect Prescription
An incorrect contact lens prescription stands as a primary determinant of blurred vision during contact lens wear. This issue arises when the refractive power of the lenses fails to accurately compensate for the individual’s underlying refractive error, encompassing myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), astigmatism, and presbyopia. A mismatch between the prescribed lens power and the actual refractive need of the eye results in unfocused light reaching the retina, leading to perceived blur. The significance of an accurate prescription cannot be overstated, as it directly dictates the clarity and sharpness of the visual image produced while wearing corrective lenses.
The ramifications of an incorrect prescription extend beyond mere visual discomfort. Prolonged use of improperly powered lenses can induce eye strain, headaches, and even exacerbate underlying refractive errors over time. For example, an individual with mild astigmatism who receives spherical contact lenses (lacking astigmatic correction) may experience chronic blur and asthenopia due to the uncorrected corneal asymmetry. Similarly, an overcorrected myopic prescription can lead to accommodative stress and discomfort, particularly during near tasks. The diagnostic process for determining the correct prescription necessitates a comprehensive eye examination, including refraction, keratometry (measuring corneal curvature), and assessment of ocular health. Deviations from this thorough protocol increase the likelihood of prescription errors and subsequent visual disturbances.
In summary, an inaccurate contact lens prescription is a fundamental cause of blurry vision, stemming from a mismatch between the lens power and the eye’s refractive requirements. The consequences of this mismatch range from visual discomfort and eye strain to potential aggravation of underlying refractive errors. Accurate diagnosis and precise prescription determination are paramount for ensuring optimal visual clarity and preventing adverse effects associated with incorrect lens power. Addressing concerns about blurred vision should invariably begin with verifying the validity and accuracy of the current contact lens prescription.
4. Poor lens fit
Inadequate contact lens fitting is a significant etiological factor in the experience of blurred vision. The lens must align correctly with the cornea to ensure proper optical function. A lens that is too tight or too loose can result in inconsistent refractive correction. An overly tight lens restricts tear exchange beneath the lens, leading to corneal hypoxia and edema, both of which can distort vision. Conversely, a lens that is too loose exhibits excessive movement, causing visual fluctuations as the lens shifts out of alignment with the pupil. These mechanical disruptions directly impair the lens’s ability to accurately focus light onto the retina. Consider a situation where a lens designed with an insufficient base curve is placed on a cornea with a steep curvature; the resultant apical bearing creates pressure and discomfort, while simultaneously disrupting the intended optical correction.
Furthermore, the impact of poor lens fit extends beyond immediate visual disturbances. Chronic misalignment can induce corneal abrasions, neovascularization, and other long-term complications. An ill-fitting lens may disrupt the normal tear film distribution, contributing to dry eye syndrome, which further exacerbates blurred vision. For instance, a lens edge that consistently rubs against the conjunctiva can trigger inflammation and discomfort, prompting the individual to rub their eyes, thereby worsening the situation. Proper lens fitting involves careful assessment of corneal curvature, diameter, and tear film dynamics. The selection of appropriate lens parameters, including base curve, diameter, and power, is paramount to achieving optimal visual acuity and minimizing the risk of complications. Fluorescein evaluation allows for visualization of the tear film pattern and assessment of lens movement, providing crucial information for fine-tuning the fit.
In summary, poor contact lens fit directly compromises visual clarity due to mechanical instability and physiological disturbances. Addressing fitting issues necessitates a comprehensive evaluation by an eye care professional to ensure appropriate lens parameters and minimize the risk of both immediate discomfort and long-term corneal damage. The importance of proper lens fitting cannot be overstated; it serves as a cornerstone for both visual performance and ocular health in contact lens wearers.
5. Eye Infection
Ocular infections represent a significant cause of compromised visual acuity in contact lens wearers. The presence of an active infection introduces inflammatory responses and corneal irregularities, both of which directly contribute to blurred vision and overall discomfort. Contact lenses, by their very nature, can increase the risk of infection due to potential disruption of the ocular surface and creation of a favorable environment for microbial growth.
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Corneal Ulcers
Corneal ulcers, often bacterial in origin, can cause significant corneal scarring and distortion, resulting in severe blurred vision. The presence of a contact lens can exacerbate the situation by trapping bacteria against the corneal surface and hindering the natural healing process. For example, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a common bacterium found in contaminated contact lens solutions, can rapidly erode the cornea, leading to a painful ulcer and permanent vision impairment. Prompt diagnosis and aggressive treatment are crucial to minimize damage and preserve vision.
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Keratitis
Keratitis, or corneal inflammation, can arise from various infectious agents, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. Adenoviral keratitis, for instance, presents with diffuse corneal infiltrates that scatter light and significantly impair visual clarity. Acanthamoeba keratitis, a rare but devastating parasitic infection, is particularly associated with contact lens wear, often resulting from improper disinfection practices or exposure to contaminated water sources. The inflammatory response and corneal changes associated with keratitis directly contribute to blurry vision and ocular discomfort.
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Conjunctivitis
Conjunctivitis, or inflammation of the conjunctiva, can also contribute to blurred vision, particularly if accompanied by significant discharge or corneal involvement. Bacterial conjunctivitis often presents with mucopurulent discharge that can accumulate on the contact lens surface, obscuring vision. Viral conjunctivitis can cause corneal subepithelial infiltrates, leading to photophobia and blurred vision. Allergic conjunctivitis, while not directly infectious, can cause significant ocular surface irritation and tear film instability, both of which can compromise visual clarity with contact lens wear.
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Fungal Infections
Although less common than bacterial infections, fungal keratitis poses a serious threat to vision. Fungi, such as Fusarium and Aspergillus, can invade the cornea, leading to chronic inflammation, stromal necrosis, and significant scarring. Contact lens wearers, especially those with compromised corneal integrity or those using topical steroids, are at increased risk. The resulting corneal opacities and distortions contribute to blurred vision and may necessitate prolonged treatment or even surgical intervention.
In summary, ocular infections represent a multifaceted cause of blurred vision in contact lens wearers. The inflammatory responses, corneal irregularities, and presence of discharge associated with these infections directly impair visual clarity. Maintaining proper contact lens hygiene, adhering to prescribed wearing schedules, and seeking prompt medical attention at the first sign of infection are paramount for preventing and managing these vision-threatening complications. The interplay between contact lens wear and the ocular surface creates a delicate balance, and any disruption of this balance by infection can significantly compromise visual performance.
6. Corneal distortion
Corneal distortion represents a significant factor contributing to diminished visual acuity in individuals who wear contact lenses. The cornea’s regular curvature is essential for proper light refraction and clear vision. Any alteration to this curvature can impede the contact lens’s ability to effectively correct refractive errors, leading to perceived blurriness. Contact lens wear itself can induce or exacerbate corneal distortions, further complicating visual outcomes.
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Warpage Due to Lens Pressure
Prolonged or improper contact lens wear can exert mechanical pressure on the corneal surface, resulting in a gradual reshaping of the cornea. This warpage is often subtle but can significantly impact visual clarity, especially upon removal of the lenses. Individuals may experience fluctuating vision, with sharpness decreasing as the day progresses. The alteration in corneal topography necessitates frequent prescription updates to maintain optimal correction, often leading to a cycle of adaptation and distortion.
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Edema-Related Distortion
Contact lens wear can reduce oxygen transmission to the cornea, leading to corneal edema (swelling). Edema alters the refractive index and thickness of the cornea, causing light to scatter and images to appear blurred. This effect is particularly pronounced with extended-wear lenses or in individuals with compromised tear exchange. Resolution of the edema upon lens removal may result in temporary improvement in vision, only to be followed by recurring blurriness upon reinsertion of the lenses.
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Irregular Astigmatism
Contact lens-induced corneal distortion can manifest as irregular astigmatism, where the corneal curvature is not uniform along different meridians. This type of astigmatism is difficult to correct with standard spherical or toric contact lenses, leading to persistent blur and visual distortions. Custom lens designs, such as rigid gas permeable lenses or wavefront-guided lenses, may be necessary to compensate for the irregular corneal surface.
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Post-Surgical Ectasia
In individuals who have undergone refractive surgery, such as LASIK or PRK, contact lens wear can potentially destabilize the cornea, leading to progressive ectasia (thinning and bulging of the cornea). This condition causes significant corneal distortion and severe visual impairment. Contact lens correction in these cases often requires specialized lens fitting techniques and frequent monitoring to prevent further progression of the ectasia.
In conclusion, corneal distortion, whether induced by mechanical pressure, edema, irregular astigmatism, or post-surgical complications, directly undermines the effectiveness of contact lens correction. The resultant visual blurriness underscores the importance of proper lens fitting, adherence to recommended wearing schedules, and regular eye examinations to monitor corneal health and mitigate the risk of contact lens-related corneal distortion.
7. Dry eye syndrome
Dry eye syndrome significantly contributes to diminished visual clarity experienced by contact lens wearers. Inadequate tear film production or impaired tear film composition disrupts the interaction between the contact lens and the ocular surface, compromising optical performance and leading to subjective blur.
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Tear Film Instability and Lens Dehydration
Dry eye syndrome results in an unstable tear film, characterized by rapid tear break-up time (TBUT). This instability promotes accelerated lens dehydration, causing the lens material to stiffen and alter its refractive properties. Consequently, the individual experiences fluctuating vision as the lens dehydrates throughout the day. The altered lens surface also scatters light, further contributing to blurred vision.
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Increased Friction and Lens Awareness
Reduced lubrication due to dry eye syndrome increases friction between the contact lens and the cornea. This heightened friction leads to lens awareness, discomfort, and potential epithelial damage. The increased friction can also cause the lens to move erratically on the eye, resulting in inconsistent focus and blurred vision. Individuals may describe a gritty or sandy sensation, further exacerbating the visual disturbances.
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Protein and Lipid Deposition
Altered tear film composition in dry eye syndrome can promote increased protein and lipid deposition on the contact lens surface. These deposits distort the optical surface of the lens, scattering light and diminishing visual clarity. Furthermore, these deposits can harbor bacteria, increasing the risk of infection and further compromising vision. Regular and thorough lens cleaning becomes even more critical in individuals with dry eye syndrome to mitigate the effects of increased deposition.
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Inflammation and Ocular Surface Disease
Chronic dry eye syndrome leads to inflammation of the ocular surface, including the cornea and conjunctiva. This inflammation can cause corneal irregularities, such as superficial punctate keratitis, which scatters light and impairs visual acuity. The inflammatory mediators present in the tear film can also damage the corneal nerves, further disrupting tear production and exacerbating the dry eye cycle, leading to a progressive decline in visual clarity.
In summary, dry eye syndrome compromises visual clarity during contact lens wear through a complex interplay of tear film instability, increased friction, protein and lipid deposition, and ocular surface inflammation. Addressing the underlying dry eye condition is essential for improving contact lens comfort, enhancing visual acuity, and preventing long-term ocular surface damage. Management strategies include artificial tears, punctal plugs, and prescription medications to increase tear production and reduce inflammation.
8. Lens Damage
Physical compromise to the structural integrity of a contact lens invariably contributes to diminished visual acuity. Scratches, tears, and surface deposits disrupt the lens’s intended optical properties, resulting in light scattering and a corresponding degradation in image clarity. The extent of visual impairment is directly proportional to the severity and location of the damage on the lens surface.
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Surface Scratches and Abrasions
Microscopic scratches on the lens surface, often caused by improper handling or cleaning, act as diffraction gratings, scattering incident light. Even subtle abrasions can significantly reduce visual clarity, particularly under bright lighting conditions. The accumulation of these imperfections over time exacerbates the problem, leading to a gradual decline in visual performance and increased glare sensitivity.
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Tears and Edge Defects
Tears, splits, or chips along the lens edge disrupt the smooth transition between the lens and the conjunctival surface, causing discomfort and irritation. Additionally, these defects can distort the lens’s shape, leading to refractive errors and blurred vision. The instability introduced by edge defects can also compromise the lens’s ability to center properly on the cornea, further exacerbating visual disturbances.
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Deformation and Shape Alteration
Exposure to extreme temperatures, harsh chemicals, or prolonged mechanical stress can cause permanent deformation of the contact lens. Alterations in lens shape affect its refractive power and ability to conform to the corneal surface, resulting in inconsistent focus and blurred vision. Distorted lenses may also exhibit increased movement during wear, further compromising visual stability.
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Material Degradation
Over time, contact lens materials can degrade due to exposure to ultraviolet radiation, tear film components, and cleaning solutions. Material degradation can lead to clouding, discoloration, and a reduction in oxygen permeability, all of which contribute to blurred vision and increased risk of corneal complications. Regular lens replacement, as recommended by an eye care professional, is crucial for mitigating the effects of material degradation.
In conclusion, physical damage to contact lenses, whether in the form of scratches, tears, deformation, or material degradation, disrupts their intended optical function and directly contributes to blurred vision. Maintaining proper lens handling, cleaning, and replacement schedules is essential for preserving lens integrity and ensuring optimal visual performance and ocular health. Damage to the lens compromises its structural integrity and performance, leading to suboptimal visual correction.
9. Protein deposits
Protein deposits on contact lenses are a significant contributor to diminished visual clarity. The tear film, a natural component of the ocular surface, contains various proteins, including lysozyme, lactoferrin, and albumin. These proteins can adhere to the surface of contact lenses during wear, forming a proteinaceous film that progressively degrades optical performance. This accumulation scatters light, thereby reducing the sharpness of the image perceived by the user, leading to a common complaint of blurred vision. The severity of blur correlates with the quantity and density of protein deposits on the lens.
The composition and rate of protein deposition vary based on individual tear film characteristics, lens material, and cleaning regimens. Individuals with higher protein concentrations in their tear film are more prone to rapid deposit formation. Lens materials with a greater affinity for proteins, such as certain hydrogel polymers, also exhibit increased deposition rates compared to silicone hydrogel alternatives. Inadequate or infrequent lens cleaning allows these deposits to accumulate unchecked, further exacerbating visual disturbances. For example, a daily lens user who neglects to properly rub and rinse their lenses before storage might experience noticeable blurriness within a few days due to the buildup of proteinaceous debris. Over time, denatured proteins can become tightly bound to the lens matrix, rendering them resistant to standard cleaning solutions and necessitating lens replacement.
In conclusion, protein deposits represent a key factor contributing to the subjective experience of blurred vision in contact lens wearers. Understanding the interplay between tear film composition, lens material properties, and cleaning practices is essential for mitigating protein deposition and maintaining optimal visual clarity. Regular and thorough lens cleaning, coupled with the selection of appropriate lens materials, serves as a critical strategy for minimizing the impact of protein deposits and enhancing the overall contact lens wearing experience. Furthermore, utilization of enzymatic cleaners designed to remove protein build-up is recommended where indicated by the eye care professional.
Frequently Asked Questions About Blurred Vision with Contact Lenses
The following addresses common inquiries regarding diminished visual clarity experienced while wearing contact lenses. The information provided aims to clarify potential causes and guide individuals toward appropriate solutions.
Question 1: Why do contact lenses sometimes cause blurred vision despite a valid prescription?
Blurred vision, despite a correct prescription, can arise from factors such as protein deposits, lens dehydration, or subtle changes in corneal shape. Environmental factors and tear film irregularities also contribute.
Question 2: Is blurred vision with new contact lenses normal?
An initial adjustment period may cause slight blurring. However, persistent blur indicates a potential issue with lens fit, prescription accuracy, or underlying eye conditions that warrant professional evaluation.
Question 3: How does lens cleaning affect blurred vision?
Inadequate lens cleaning allows for the accumulation of debris, proteins, and lipids, forming a film that scatters light and diminishes visual acuity. Proper cleaning regimens are crucial for maintaining lens clarity.
Question 4: Can dry eyes contribute to blurred vision with contact lenses?
Reduced tear film stability in dry eye syndrome leads to lens dehydration and increased friction, causing visual fluctuations and discomfort. Addressing the underlying dry eye condition is essential for improving lens wear comfort and clarity.
Question 5: How does lens fit impact visual clarity?
An improperly fitted lens can shift during wear, leading to inconsistent focus and blurred vision. Moreover, a poor fit can disrupt tear exchange and induce corneal distortion, further compromising visual acuity.
Question 6: When should an eye care professional be consulted about blurred vision with contact lenses?
Consultation is warranted for persistent blur, sudden vision changes, eye pain, redness, or discharge. These symptoms may indicate infection, corneal damage, or other serious ocular conditions requiring prompt intervention.
Maintaining optimal visual clarity with contact lenses requires consistent lens care, adherence to prescribed wearing schedules, and prompt attention to any changes in vision or ocular comfort. Professional evaluation is essential for addressing persistent or concerning symptoms.
The subsequent section will delve into practical strategies for preventing and managing blurred vision associated with contact lens wear.
Strategies for Minimizing Blurred Vision Associated with Contact Lenses
Adopting proactive measures and adhering to established best practices can significantly reduce the incidence of blurred vision experienced while wearing contact lenses. The following guidelines promote optimal visual clarity and long-term ocular health.
Tip 1: Maintain Rigorous Lens Hygiene: Consistent and thorough cleaning of contact lenses is paramount. Utilize only recommended disinfecting solutions and employ a rub-and-rinse technique to remove debris and protein deposits effectively. Discard used solution and the lens case daily, replacing the case every three months to minimize microbial contamination.
Tip 2: Adhere to Prescribed Wearing Schedules: Overwearing contact lenses, even those approved for extended wear, increases the risk of corneal hypoxia, dryness, and infection. Follow the wearing schedule recommended by the eye care professional and avoid napping or sleeping in lenses not specifically designed for overnight wear.
Tip 3: Utilize Lubricating Eye Drops: Combatting lens dehydration is crucial, particularly in dry environments or during prolonged computer use. Employ lubricating eye drops specifically formulated for contact lens wearers to maintain lens hydration and prevent visual blur associated with dryness. Select preservative-free options to minimize ocular irritation.
Tip 4: Ensure Proper Lens Fit: An ill-fitting lens can cause corneal distortion and inconsistent refractive correction. Schedule regular comprehensive eye examinations to ensure accurate lens parameters and a comfortable, stable fit. Report any discomfort or excessive lens movement to the eye care professional.
Tip 5: Protect Eyes from Environmental Irritants: Minimize exposure to airborne pollutants, dust, and allergens. Consider wearing eyeglasses in environments with high particulate matter or during activities that increase the risk of eye irritation. Promptly remove and clean lenses if exposed to irritants.
Tip 6: Replace Lenses as Recommended: The structural integrity and optical performance of contact lenses degrade over time. Adhere to the recommended replacement schedule, whether daily, bi-weekly, or monthly, to ensure optimal visual clarity and minimize the risk of complications associated with lens wear.
Tip 7: Schedule Regular Eye Examinations: Comprehensive eye examinations are essential for monitoring corneal health, detecting early signs of dry eye or infection, and ensuring accurate refractive correction. Report any changes in vision or ocular comfort to the eye care professional promptly.
Implementing these strategies significantly reduces the likelihood of experiencing blurred vision during contact lens wear. Consistent adherence to these guidelines promotes optimal visual performance, lens comfort, and long-term ocular well-being.
The concluding section will summarize key insights and emphasize the importance of professional guidance in addressing contact lens-related vision concerns.
Why My Contact Lenses Are Blurry
This exploration has detailed numerous factors contributing to diminished visual clarity experienced during contact lens wear. These encompass issues related to lens hygiene, dehydration, prescription accuracy, lens fit, ocular health, environmental influences, and lens integrity. The cumulative effect of these elements significantly impacts the user’s visual acuity and overall comfort. Recognition and management of these factors are paramount for maintaining optimal visual performance.
The complexities inherent in contact lens-related vision disturbances necessitate a proactive and informed approach. Individuals experiencing persistent blurred vision should seek professional evaluation to determine the underlying cause and implement appropriate corrective strategies. Continued adherence to recommended lens care practices and regular monitoring by an eye care professional are crucial for preserving long-term ocular health and maximizing the benefits of contact lens wear.
