During a cervical examination in late pregnancy and labor, station refers to the relationship between the presenting part of the fetus (usually the baby’s head) and the ischial spines of the maternal pelvis. The ischial spines are bony prominences that represent zero station. A measurement of -2 indicates that the presenting part is two centimeters above the ischial spines. This provides a relative measurement of how far the baby has descended into the birth canal. For example, if the fetal head is palpable 2 cm above the ischial spines, it is documented as -2 station.
The determination of fetal station is crucial for monitoring labor progress. It allows healthcare providers to assess the baby’s descent over time and identify potential complications, such as failure to progress. Accurate documentation of station helps guide clinical decision-making regarding interventions like augmentation of labor or cesarean delivery. This assessment has been a standard component of obstetric care for many years, contributing to safer childbirth practices.
