William Jennings Bryan’s fervent opposition to a monetary system based exclusively on specie stemmed from his deep concern for the economic well-being of farmers and laborers. He believed that a strict adherence to a single metallic standard, particularly when that metal was relatively scarce, artificially limited the money supply. This constriction, in turn, led to deflation, which increased the real burden of debt for those engaged in agriculture, whose incomes were tied to fluctuating commodity prices. A scarcity of currency made it more difficult for farmers to repay loans, purchase needed supplies, and improve their economic standing.
The gold standard’s perceived impact resonated strongly with Bryan’s populist convictions. During the late 19th century, farmers faced a multitude of challenges, including high railroad rates, monopolistic practices, and declining crop prices. They were often at the mercy of banks and other financial institutions that controlled access to credit. Bryan viewed the single metallic standard as a tool that favored wealthy creditors and industrialists at the expense of the common person. By advocating for the free and unlimited coinage of silver, he aimed to expand the money supply, leading to inflation and a more equitable distribution of wealth. This stance positioned him as a champion of the working class against the perceived injustices of the established economic order.
