Crush injuries, resulting from prolonged compression of body parts, pose significant threats due to a cascade of physiological derangements. Sustained pressure exceeding capillary filling pressure leads to tissue ischemia, triggering cellular damage and the release of intracellular contents into systemic circulation upon release of the compression. This process initiates a complex interplay of metabolic disturbances and systemic complications.
The severity of consequences stemming from prolonged compression underscores the need for rapid intervention. Historically, these injuries were often encountered in disaster scenarios such as earthquakes and building collapses. Recognition of the potential for multi-system failure has led to the development of specialized protocols for managing these cases, focusing on pre-emptive treatment of anticipated complications. Benefits of understanding the pathophysiology include improved survival rates and reduced long-term morbidity.
