Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a class of medications used primarily in the management of type 2 diabetes. They function by reducing glucose reabsorption in the kidneys, leading to increased glucose excretion in the urine and subsequently lowering blood glucose levels. Because surgical procedures can significantly alter metabolic status and fluid balance, a careful evaluation is necessary to determine the appropriate time to resume these medications post-operatively. This decision involves assessing factors such as glycemic control, renal function, and the patients overall clinical stability after the procedure.
The judicious management of antidiabetic medications around surgical interventions is critical to minimizing the risk of complications. Continuing SGLT2 inhibitors perioperatively can increase the potential for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), particularly in the absence of significantly elevated blood glucose levels, a condition known as euglycemic DKA. Conversely, abruptly discontinuing these medications may lead to hyperglycemia and other metabolic disturbances. Therefore, carefully considering the risks and benefits is essential for optimizing patient outcomes.
