The ability of infants to respire via the oral cavity is a developed capacity, not an innate reflex present from birth. Newborns are obligate nasal breathers, meaning they instinctively prefer and primarily utilize the nasal passages for air intake. This preference is related to the anatomical positioning of the tongue and soft palate, which naturally facilitate nasal respiration. The transition to efficient oral respiration typically occurs several months after birth.
The development of oral breathing is crucial for various physiological processes, including vocalization and feeding. It becomes particularly important when nasal passages are obstructed due to congestion or other medical conditions. Furthermore, the capacity to respire orally provides a redundant pathway for oxygen intake, contributing to overall respiratory stability and well-being. Historically, understanding this developmental timeline has aided in the diagnosis and management of infant respiratory distress.