Substrate, often small stones, serves as a foundational element in freshwater and marine ecosystems recreated within a glass enclosure. It provides a surface area crucial for establishing beneficial bacteria colonies, vital for a healthy aquatic environment. Without such a substrate, the biological filtration process is significantly hampered, potentially leading to elevated levels of harmful substances, such as ammonia and nitrites.
The implementation of a bed of small rocks offers several advantages. It facilitates the decomposition of organic waste, including uneaten food and plant debris, contributing to water clarity and overall system stability. Moreover, it offers anchorage for live aquatic plants, enabling them to root and flourish, which further enhances water quality through oxygen production and nutrient uptake. Historically, its use mirrors the natural environments from which aquarium inhabitants originate, promoting their well-being.
