A common appliance malfunction involves the excessive build-up of ice within the refrigerator or freezer compartment. This accumulation can manifest in various ways, including frozen food items, restricted airflow, and reduced cooling efficiency. The underlying causes often stem from a complex interplay of mechanical, environmental, and user-related factors.
Addressing this issue promptly is crucial for several reasons. Uncontrolled ice formation can damage refrigerator components, leading to costly repairs. Furthermore, reduced cooling performance impacts food preservation, potentially increasing spoilage and waste. Understanding the root causes empowers users to implement preventive measures and maintain optimal appliance function. Historically, advancements in refrigerator design have aimed to minimize this problem, but it remains a frequent concern for consumers.
The subsequent sections will delve into specific factors contributing to this freezing problem, covering topics such as thermostat malfunctions, door seal integrity, ventilation obstructions, and improper temperature settings. Each area will be examined to provide a clear understanding of potential causes and offer practical solutions for resolving the issue.
1. Thermostat Malfunction
A faulty thermostat is a primary contributor to excessive ice build-up in refrigerators. Its core function is to regulate the cooling cycle by monitoring the internal temperature and signaling the compressor to activate or deactivate accordingly. When the thermostat malfunctions, this precise temperature control is compromised, frequently leading to over-cooling and subsequent freezing.
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Continuous Cooling Cycle
A common failure mode involves the thermostat failing to register the correct internal temperature. This results in the compressor running continuously, even when the refrigerator has reached the desired coolness. The prolonged cooling causes the internal temperature to drop below freezing, leading to ice formation on the back panel and within the freezer compartment. Example: A thermostat stuck in the “on” position will constantly engage the compressor, regardless of the actual temperature.
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Defrost Cycle Inhibition
The thermostat also plays a critical role in initiating the defrost cycle. If it fails to signal the defrost system, ice will accumulate over time. The defrost cycle is designed to melt away accumulated frost, preventing it from developing into a thick layer of ice. Example: Without a functioning defrost cycle, frost buildup accelerates, eventually reducing cooling efficiency and occupying valuable space.
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Inaccurate Temperature Readings
The thermostat might provide inaccurate temperature readings to the control system. This can manifest as the refrigerator operating at a lower temperature than intended, leading to partial freezing of food items and excessive ice formation. Example: A thermostat reading 4C (39F) when the actual temperature is -2C (28F) would trigger continuous cooling to maintain the erroneous reading, resulting in freezing.
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Electrical Component Failure
Thermostats can experience electrical component failures, such as faulty sensors or wiring issues. These failures can disrupt the thermostat’s ability to accurately measure temperature and communicate with the compressor and defrost system. Example: Damaged wiring preventing the thermostat from sending the correct signal to the compressor can cause erratic cooling behavior and lead to freezing.
In summary, a malfunctioning thermostat directly impacts the refrigerator’s ability to maintain a stable temperature. The consequences include continuous cooling, inhibited defrost cycles, and inaccurate temperature readings, all of which contribute to the problem of unwanted ice formation and food spoilage. Replacing the faulty thermostat is often necessary to restore proper function and prevent further freezing issues.
2. Door Seal Integrity
The integrity of the refrigerator door seal is paramount to maintaining optimal internal temperature and preventing excessive ice formation. Compromised seals allow for the ingress of warm, humid air, which significantly contributes to the issue of frequent freezing. This intrusion disrupts the cooling cycle and accelerates frost accumulation.
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Moisture Ingress
Damaged or degraded door seals create gaps through which external air can enter the refrigerator. This incoming air is typically warmer and contains higher moisture content than the air inside. When this moisture comes into contact with the cold surfaces within the refrigerator, it condenses and freezes, leading to ice build-up. For example, a cracked seal along the bottom of the refrigerator door provides a direct pathway for humid kitchen air to enter, particularly during cooking activities that generate steam.
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Increased Compressor Activity
To compensate for the influx of warm air, the refrigerator’s compressor must work harder to maintain the set temperature. This prolonged and intensified cooling process exacerbates ice formation. The continuous operation of the compressor can lead to a decrease in energy efficiency and potential overheating. For instance, a distorted seal might require the compressor to run almost constantly, significantly increasing energy consumption and stress on the motor.
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Uneven Temperature Distribution
Compromised door seals often result in inconsistent temperature distribution within the refrigerator. Areas closest to the compromised seal may experience warmer temperatures, while other areas may become excessively cold, leading to localized freezing. This uneven cooling can cause some food items to spoil prematurely while others become partially frozen. For example, dairy products stored near a leaky door seal might spoil quickly due to the elevated temperature, while vegetables at the back of the refrigerator freeze.
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Frost Accumulation on Evaporator Coils
The excess moisture entering the refrigerator through a faulty door seal also accumulates as frost on the evaporator coils. A heavy buildup of frost on the coils insulates them, reducing their efficiency in transferring heat. This reduced efficiency necessitates longer cooling cycles, further contributing to ice formation and potential damage to the cooling system. As an example, persistent frost on the coils due to a broken door seal would significantly decrease the cooling capacity of the refrigerator over time.
In conclusion, the state of the refrigerator’s door seal directly impacts its ability to regulate internal temperature and prevent ice build-up. The ingress of warm, moist air through compromised seals not only necessitates increased compressor activity but also disrupts temperature consistency and promotes frost accumulation, all of which contribute to the problem of frequent freezing and the degradation of stored food.
3. Ventilation Obstruction
Obstruction of internal ventilation pathways within a refrigerator significantly contributes to the problem of excessive ice accumulation. Refrigerators rely on a system of vents to circulate cold air evenly throughout the fresh food and freezer compartments. Blockages disrupt this airflow, creating temperature imbalances and localized freezing. Without proper air circulation, certain areas become excessively cold while others remain inadequately cooled. For example, overpacking the freezer compartment can obstruct the vents leading to the refrigerator section, causing the freezer to operate at lower temperatures than necessary while the refrigerator struggles to maintain its set point. This situation promotes ice formation in the freezer and potential food spoilage in the refrigerator.
The location of the obstruction is also a critical factor. Vents are typically positioned at the top or back of each compartment. Food items placed directly in front of these vents hinder airflow, leading to localized freezing near the vent and reduced cooling elsewhere. An example is placing a large container of liquid directly in front of a freezer vent, which can cause the liquid to freeze while simultaneously restricting cold air from circulating to the rest of the refrigerator. Similarly, neglecting to regularly defrost manual-defrost freezers leads to ice buildup obstructing the vents, exacerbating the issue. The significance of unrestricted airflow lies in its role in maintaining a uniform temperature profile, which is essential for proper food preservation and efficient energy consumption.
In conclusion, ventilation obstruction directly impairs the refrigerator’s ability to regulate temperature effectively. This localized disruption of airflow leads to uneven cooling, promoting both freezing in certain areas and inadequate cooling in others. Understanding the importance of maintaining clear ventilation pathways is crucial for preventing excessive ice buildup and ensuring the refrigerator operates at optimal efficiency, preserving food quality and minimizing energy waste. Regular attention to proper food placement and diligent defrosting practices are necessary to avoid such obstructions and their associated problems.
4. Temperature Settings
Inappropriate temperature settings constitute a significant factor contributing to excessive ice formation within refrigerators. The core function of a refrigerator is to maintain a temperature range that preserves food without causing it to freeze. Deviations from the recommended temperature range can disrupt this balance, leading to operational inefficiencies and undesirable freezing.
When refrigerator temperature settings are set too low, particularly below the recommended 3-4 degrees Celsius (37-40 degrees Fahrenheit) for the fresh food compartment and -18 degrees Celsius (0 degrees Fahrenheit) for the freezer, the cooling system operates more aggressively than necessary. This overcooling can lead to the formation of ice crystals within food items, as well as excessive frost build-up on the refrigerator’s interior surfaces. For instance, setting the refrigerator to its lowest possible temperature in an attempt to rapidly cool recently added groceries can inadvertently cause vegetables near the cooling vents to freeze. Furthermore, consistently low temperature settings can place undue stress on the compressor, reducing its lifespan and increasing energy consumption.
Proper adjustment of temperature settings is therefore crucial for both preserving food quality and ensuring the efficient operation of the appliance. Regularly monitoring internal temperatures with a thermometer, and adjusting the settings as needed to maintain the recommended ranges, can significantly reduce the likelihood of ice formation and food spoilage. Failure to attend to these settings represents a common oversight that can lead to operational problems and increased maintenance requirements. Prioritizing the correct adjustment of temperature settings serves as a fundamental step in addressing the broader issue of unwanted ice accumulation within the refrigerator.
5. Defrost System Failure
A compromised defrost system represents a critical contributor to excessive ice accumulation in refrigerators. The defrost system’s primary function is to periodically melt away frost that naturally forms on the evaporator coils. When this system malfunctions, frost accumulates unabated, eventually leading to significant ice buildup and impaired cooling performance. This scenario directly addresses the core issue of “why does my refrigerator keep freezing up”.
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Heater Element Malfunction
The heater element is responsible for generating the heat necessary to melt accumulated frost. If the element fails, due to burnout or electrical issues, it cannot perform its function. The result is a continuous buildup of frost on the evaporator coils, gradually reducing the refrigerator’s cooling efficiency and eventually leading to ice formation on other surfaces. An example is a heater element with a broken filament, which prevents it from heating up and melting the frost.
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Defrost Timer Issues
The defrost timer controls the frequency and duration of the defrost cycle. If the timer malfunctions, it may fail to initiate the defrost cycle at the appropriate intervals, or it may not allow the cycle to run long enough to fully melt the frost. This leads to a gradual accumulation of ice over time. A timer stuck in the cooling cycle will prevent the defrost cycle from ever activating, leading to rapid ice accumulation.
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Defrost Thermostat Problems
The defrost thermostat monitors the temperature of the evaporator coils and signals the heater element to turn off once the frost has melted. A faulty thermostat may prematurely terminate the defrost cycle, leaving residual frost on the coils. Alternatively, it may fail to activate the heater element at all. A thermostat that incorrectly senses the coil temperature can disrupt the entire defrost process.
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Control Board Errors
In modern refrigerators, a control board often manages the defrost cycle, integrating information from various sensors and components. A malfunctioning control board can disrupt the defrost cycle by sending incorrect signals or failing to initiate the process altogether. This electronic failure prevents the proper execution of the defrost function.
Collectively, these components of the defrost system are essential for maintaining frost-free operation. When one or more of these elements fail, the accumulation of frost and ice becomes inevitable, directly addressing the question of “why does my refrigerator keep freezing up.” Regular inspection and maintenance of the defrost system are crucial for preventing this issue and ensuring optimal refrigerator performance.
6. Condenser Coils Dirty
The accumulation of dust, debris, and other contaminants on the condenser coils significantly impacts the refrigerator’s cooling efficiency, thereby contributing to the problem of excessive ice formation. Condenser coils are responsible for dissipating heat generated during the refrigerant compression process. When these coils are coated with a layer of dirt, their ability to release heat is reduced. This necessitates the compressor working harder and longer to achieve the desired internal temperature. An overloaded compressor can lead to inefficiencies throughout the cooling system, ultimately impacting the defrost cycle and promoting ice buildup. Consider a refrigerator in a dusty environment; the condenser coils will quickly accumulate a thick layer, severely hindering their ability to dissipate heat.
The increased workload on the compressor not only affects energy consumption but also impacts the temperature regulation within the refrigerator. As the compressor struggles to maintain the set temperature, it may run continuously or cycle erratically. This inconsistent cooling can lead to areas within the refrigerator becoming excessively cold, particularly near the cooling vents, causing food items to freeze. Moreover, the prolonged operation of the compressor can prevent the defrost cycle from functioning effectively. For instance, if the coils are heavily soiled, the compressor may be unable to reach the optimal temperature for defrosting, leaving residual frost that accumulates into ice over time. Regular cleaning of the condenser coils is therefore crucial for maintaining efficient heat exchange and preventing these cascading effects.
In summary, neglecting the cleanliness of the condenser coils directly undermines the refrigerator’s ability to effectively regulate temperature and maintain a consistent cooling cycle. The resulting strain on the compressor, combined with potential disruptions to the defrost mechanism, creates conditions conducive to excessive ice formation. Routine cleaning of these coils serves as a fundamental preventative measure, ensuring optimal performance, minimizing energy consumption, and preventing the unwanted build-up of ice that can compromise food preservation and appliance longevity.
7. Overpacking Refrigerator
Overfilling a refrigerator impedes efficient airflow, directly contributing to temperature inconsistencies and subsequent ice formation. Refrigerators are designed to circulate cool air around stored items to maintain a uniform temperature. When packed too tightly, this circulation is restricted, creating pockets of varying temperatures. Areas directly in the path of the cooling vents may become excessively cold, leading to freezing of food items and increased frost accumulation, while other regions remain insufficiently chilled.
The restricted airflow also places added strain on the refrigerator’s compressor. To compensate for the uneven cooling, the compressor operates for longer periods, consuming more energy and potentially leading to premature wear. This prolonged operation exacerbates the issue of ice buildup, particularly if the refrigerator’s defrost cycle is not optimized to handle the increased moisture generated by the inefficient cooling process. A practical example involves storing large quantities of food containers on the top shelf, directly obstructing the vents; this often results in frozen items on that shelf and elevated temperatures on lower shelves, promoting both freezing and spoilage. Effective refrigerator management involves ensuring sufficient space between items to allow for unimpeded air circulation, preventing localized temperature extremes and enhancing overall cooling performance.
In summary, overpacking a refrigerator disrupts internal airflow, leading to temperature imbalances and placing undue stress on the cooling system. This creates conditions favorable for excessive ice formation and food spoilage. Maintaining adequate spacing between stored items is a simple yet effective strategy for ensuring consistent cooling, minimizing energy consumption, and preventing the undesirable phenomenon of “why does my refrigerator keep freezing up”.
8. High Humidity Levels
Elevated ambient humidity significantly contributes to the frequent freezing issues observed in refrigerators. Increased moisture content in the surrounding air introduces an additional burden on the appliance’s cooling system, exacerbating ice accumulation. This environmental factor directly influences the refrigerator’s performance and its susceptibility to freezing-related malfunctions.
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Increased Moisture Infiltration
High humidity environments promote the ingress of moisture into the refrigerator compartment. Through even minor imperfections in door seals, or during routine door openings, moisture-laden air enters. This influx of moisture readily condenses on cold interior surfaces, subsequently freezing. Coastal regions and humid climates exacerbate this effect. Example: A refrigerator in a tropical environment with consistently high humidity will experience a greater influx of moisture compared to one in an arid climate, leading to faster ice buildup.
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Elevated Frost Formation on Evaporator Coils
The increased moisture load accelerates frost formation on the evaporator coils. Frost acts as an insulator, reducing the efficiency of the cooling process. As the coils become increasingly covered in frost, the refrigerator must work harder to maintain the set temperature, further exacerbating ice accumulation. Example: Heavy frost buildup on the evaporator coils necessitates more frequent defrost cycles or, if the defrost system is inadequate, leads to persistent freezing problems.
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Compromised Defrost Cycle Effectiveness
While refrigerators are equipped with defrost cycles to melt away accumulated frost, high humidity can overwhelm the capacity of these systems. The increased rate of frost formation may exceed the defrost system’s ability to effectively remove it, leading to a net increase in ice over time. Example: In a very humid environment, the defrost cycle may only partially melt the frost, leaving a residue that quickly refreezes, creating a cycle of accelerated ice accumulation.
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Impact on Food Preservation
High humidity not only contributes to ice formation but also directly impacts the preservation of food within the refrigerator. Increased moisture levels can accelerate the spoilage of certain food items, particularly those susceptible to mold or bacterial growth. Furthermore, the freezing process itself can alter the texture and taste of some foods. Example: Leafy greens stored in a high-humidity refrigerator are more prone to wilting and decay, while fruits may develop a mushy texture if subjected to repeated freezing and thawing cycles due to temperature fluctuations caused by ice buildup.
In essence, high humidity creates a challenging operational environment for refrigerators, intensifying the processes that lead to ice formation. The increased moisture load compromises the cooling system’s efficiency and can overwhelm the defrost mechanism. These factors, combined with the direct impact on food preservation, underscore the significant role of environmental humidity in contributing to the persistent problem of excessive freezing within refrigerators.
9. Drainage Issues
Improper drainage constitutes a significant contributing factor to ice accumulation within refrigerators, frequently leading to operational inefficiencies and component damage. Refrigerators equipped with automatic defrost systems rely on a drainage system to channel melted frost away from the evaporator coils. When this drainage path becomes obstructed, the water remains trapped, refreezing and exacerbating ice buildup. The cause of this obstruction often involves the accumulation of food particles, debris, or even ice itself within the drain line or drain pan. This blockage prevents the proper removal of meltwater, creating a cycle of freezing and thawing that worsens over time. As an illustrative example, consider a drain line clogged with crumbs or a gelatinous substance; the meltwater backs up, freezes, and eventually forms a solid ice mass that further restricts drainage and can even damage surrounding components. Addressing drainage problems is, therefore, an important step in resolving the problem of “why does my refrigerator keep freezing up”.
The practical consequences of unresolved drainage issues extend beyond simple ice accumulation. The trapped water can seep into other areas of the refrigerator, potentially damaging electrical components or causing corrosion. Furthermore, standing water provides a breeding ground for mold and bacteria, posing a health risk and generating unpleasant odors. Identifying and resolving drainage obstructions typically involves locating the drain line (usually situated at the back of the refrigerator compartment), carefully removing any visible debris, and using a flexible tool, such as a pipe cleaner or specialized drain clearing device, to dislodge any deeper blockages. Regular maintenance, including periodic flushing of the drain line with warm water, can help prevent future obstructions. Ignoring these drainage issues allows for continual build-up of ice.
In summary, obstructed refrigerator drainage pathways represent a crucial link in the chain of factors contributing to excessive ice formation. The resulting accumulation of trapped water not only exacerbates the freezing problem but also introduces risks of component damage, hygiene concerns, and reduced cooling efficiency. Addressing and preventing drainage obstructions through proactive maintenance and timely intervention is essential for maintaining optimal refrigerator performance and preventing the cycle of freezing and thawing that causes “why does my refrigerator keep freezing up”.
Frequently Asked Questions
This section addresses common inquiries regarding the persistent problem of refrigerators experiencing excessive ice accumulation. The following questions and answers aim to provide concise and informative guidance on understanding and resolving this issue.
Question 1: Why does ice form in the refrigerator even when the freezer section is working correctly?
Ice formation in the refrigerator compartment, despite a functioning freezer, often indicates a separate issue, such as compromised door seals allowing moist air to enter or a malfunctioning damper controlling airflow between the freezer and refrigerator sections.
Question 2: Is it normal for frost to accumulate on the back wall of the refrigerator?
A thin layer of frost on the back wall can be normal during the cooling cycle, as moisture condenses and freezes. However, excessive or rapidly accumulating frost suggests a problem, potentially related to a malfunctioning defrost system or poor door seal.
Question 3: Can incorrect temperature settings contribute to refrigerator freezing problems?
Yes, setting the refrigerator temperature too low, particularly below the recommended 3-4 degrees Celsius (37-40 degrees Fahrenheit), can cause food items to freeze and exacerbate ice formation.
Question 4: How does a clogged drain line cause ice buildup in a refrigerator?
A blocked drain line prevents melted frost from draining properly, leading to water accumulation. This water then refreezes, contributing to excessive ice buildup and potentially damaging refrigerator components.
Question 5: What is the role of the defrost system in preventing refrigerator freezing?
The defrost system periodically melts away frost that accumulates on the evaporator coils. A malfunctioning defrost system allows frost to build up unchecked, leading to significant ice formation and reduced cooling efficiency.
Question 6: Can overpacking the refrigerator lead to freezing issues?
Yes, overpacking restricts airflow within the refrigerator, creating uneven temperature distribution. Areas near the cooling vents may become excessively cold, resulting in frozen food items and increased ice accumulation.
Understanding these common issues and their underlying causes provides a solid foundation for troubleshooting refrigerator freezing problems and implementing appropriate corrective measures.
The subsequent section will delve into practical steps for diagnosing and addressing these common issues.
Troubleshooting “Why Does My Refrigerator Keep Freezing Up”
The following guidelines offer actionable steps for diagnosing and resolving persistent ice formation within refrigerators, addressing the issue of “why does my refrigerator keep freezing up”.
Tip 1: Inspect Door Seals Meticulously
Examine door seals for signs of damage, such as cracks, tears, or warping. A simple test involves closing the refrigerator door on a sheet of paper; if the paper slides out easily, the seal is likely compromised and requires replacement. Replacing worn seals prevents warm, humid air from entering.
Tip 2: Verify Thermostat Functionality
Use a refrigerator thermometer to confirm the internal temperature aligns with the thermostat setting. If significant discrepancies exist, the thermostat may be faulty. Consider replacing the thermostat with a new unit calibrated to the appliance model.
Tip 3: Ensure Proper Ventilation
Avoid overpacking the refrigerator and ensure that vents are not obstructed by food items. Maintain adequate spacing between items to facilitate efficient airflow and consistent temperature distribution. Rearranging items promotes consistent cooling to avoid hotspots.
Tip 4: Maintain Clean Condenser Coils
Regularly clean the condenser coils, typically located at the back or bottom of the refrigerator, using a vacuum cleaner with a brush attachment. Accumulated dust impedes heat dissipation, increasing compressor workload and promoting ice buildup.
Tip 5: Check and Clear the Defrost Drain
Locate the defrost drain opening (often near the back wall inside the refrigerator) and use a pipe cleaner or warm water to clear any blockages. A clogged drain prevents meltwater from escaping, leading to refreezing and ice accumulation.
Tip 6: Monitor Temperature Settings
Confirm that the refrigerator and freezer temperature settings are within the recommended ranges (3-4C or 37-40F for the refrigerator; -18C or 0F for the freezer). Adjust settings as needed to maintain these ranges and prevent overcooling.
Tip 7: Inspect Defrost System Components
Examine the defrost heater, timer, and thermostat for signs of malfunction. If any component appears faulty, consult a qualified technician for repair or replacement. Component failure impacts the defrost performance which can lead to the appliance “keep freezing up”.
Consistently applying these troubleshooting tips can significantly reduce the likelihood of experiencing excessive ice formation. Proactive maintenance ensures optimal refrigerator performance and extends appliance lifespan.
The final section will offer concluding remarks, summarizing key concepts and reinforcing the importance of proactive refrigerator maintenance.
Conclusion
This exploration of “why does my refrigerator keep freezing up” has illuminated a complex interplay of factors that can contribute to this common appliance malfunction. From thermostat inconsistencies and compromised door seals to ventilation obstructions, temperature setting errors, defrost system failures, and drainage problems, multiple elements can independently or collectively precipitate excessive ice formation. Furthermore, environmental conditions such as high humidity and user behaviors like overpacking can compound the issue. A clear understanding of these contributing factors is paramount for effective diagnosis and remediation.
Addressing the root causes of unwanted ice accumulation requires diligent observation, consistent maintenance, and, when necessary, professional intervention. Neglecting preventative measures can lead to diminished cooling efficiency, increased energy consumption, food spoilage, and potential damage to refrigerator components. Prioritizing proactive maintenance, including regular cleaning, seal inspections, and temperature monitoring, is crucial for ensuring optimal refrigerator performance and prolonging its operational lifespan. Consistent attention to these details mitigates the likelihood of recurring freezing issues, contributing to both cost savings and improved food preservation practices.
